Gustavo Mirabal is an enterprising and versatile man who has been successful in different areas. Among the areas that have been public and notorious are law, financial advice, and sports. Perhaps that makes us think that Gustavo Mirabal is a serial entrepreneur, but today we will discover if he really is.

In these areas, Gustavo Mirabal has started with an academic profile, as an amateur or in his private aspect. But sooner or later it has turned it into a very successful venture. This attitude towards life and challenges qualifies Gustavo Mirabal as a serial entrepreneur.

Gustavo Mirabal becoming an entrepreneur at every opportunity

Let’s look at these facets in a little more detail. Gustavo Mirabal began studying law and practicing law and ended up with his own law firm. He also got his start in his favorite sport, horseback riding, and ended up having a high-performance sports facility.

Finally, he began to manage his own ventures and his heritage as an athlete. After this he ended up serving as An International Financial Advisor. Without a doubt, each new knowledge of Gustavo Mirabal makes him an entrepreneur again.

We could say that, if Gustavo Mirabal takes a cooking course, he would end up setting up a chain of restaurants. On the other hand, if Gustavo Mirabal Castro decided to fly airplanes, perhaps he would open an airline later.

This is totally true because, although his passion has never been real estate, his good taste for decoration led him to resell his home with a high profit margin. This is also thanks to the support of his wife María Carolina Chapellín de Mirabal. She was the one who, with her refined taste, helped him choose the decoration of the house they sold.

For Gustavo Mirabal, all learning is an opportunity to undertake. But what does it mean in the modern world to be a serial entrepreneur? Next, we will know the characteristics of a serial entrepreneur and how to recognize it.

Is Gustavo Mirabal Castro a serial entrepreneur?

The signs of Gustavo Mirabal Castro’s behavior show him as a serial entrepreneur. However, it is not as simple as it seems. There are people who have multiple companies, but never become a serial entrepreneur. That is why the first thing we are going to study is what it means to be a serial entrepreneur and what differentiates it from the rest.

Gustavo Mirabal has worked as a lawyer, athlete or has managed his assets for seasons. So much for what everyone in their life does. However, not all people turn a profession, a hobby or a personal need into a company. This is what differentiates Gustavo Mirabal from many people who stay in his comfort zone. Gustavo Mirabal is a restless person who wants to turn his opportunities into successes.

But let’s find out what it means to be a serial entrepreneur and see if Gustavo Mirabal’s attitude to life qualifies him as such.

What is it to be a serial entrepreneur?

A serial entrepreneur is one who is dedicated to conceiving ideas, putting them into practice and creating companies from these ideas. What sets serial entrepreneurs apart is that they don’t stay in one place. After creating the companies thanks to their ideas they decide to delegate the responsibility and go for the next idea. For them, a company is the realization of an idea and no more than that. That is why they cannot stay in one place.

An example of a serial entrepreneur could be Elon Musk. Elon Musk has created companies, has grown them and delegates them. Certainly, in his latest ventures, Elon Musk has invested and continues to invest a lot of time in them. But this is because he has not reached the point where he feels satisfied with the realization of his “idea”. At the moment of the realization of the idea as he visualized it in his mind he would move on to the next point. Currently the ventures that monopolize his attention are Tesla, SpaceX, Neuralink, SolarCity and OpenIA.

A serial entrepreneur is different from ordinary entrepreneurs because they do not tie themselves to their venture beyond its success. There are entrepreneurs who when successful remain in the company. When success comes, a serial entrepreneur decides to move on to his next venture, and the responsibility falls on the people he has. When successful, the entrepreneur may sell the company or put it in the hands of a board of directors, but he does not stay in front.

On the other hand, there is the serial beginner, who are people who can start various companies, but not being successful give up.

What makes a serial entrepreneur special?

A serial entrepreneur is passionate about the execution of the idea, rather than the idea itself. The idea may be good, but without proper execution no idea succeeds. That is why the serial entrepreneur is passionate about execution rather than the idea.

What does Gustavo Mirabal have in common and does a serial entrepreneur have?

• They create ventures because they see the real potential of each one.
• Their focus is on the start-up phase of their venture.
• They do not leave the venture until their vision is consolidated.
• They pass responsibility on to others when the business reaches maturity, either by selling it or delegating its direction.
• By freeing themselves from the management of the company, they can dedicate themselves to a new venture.

Like Gustavo Mirabal Castro there are other entrepreneurs in series much better known as:

Steve Jobs: He founded Apple, Pixar, and NeXT Computer. All very successful companies and associated with the computer and entertainment sector.

Oprah Winfrey: A successful American TV host began with her talk show “The Oprah Winfrey Show.” He founded Harpo Productions to hold the rights to the show. She is the founder of a cable TV network and has her own Oprah Winfrey Network.

Richard Branson: Started Virgin Group as a mail order company and currently encompasses more than 200 companies. Record labels, beverages, video games, clothing, airlines, music festivals, gyms, comics, publishing, commercial aerospace services, telecommunications, among others.

Gustavo Mirabal is a fireproof serial entrepreneur. His versatility and passion for ideas and execution make him an example for those who want to make their dreams come true. We leave you with the words of Andres Barreto, a serial entrepreneur and founder of GrooveShark.

Celebrities usually have huge incomes. Whether they are actors, musicians, TV presenters, entrepreneurs, influencers, youtubers or socialites, most have significant income. We would think that for them it is enough with the income they have for their economic activity. On the contrary, many of them make investments to preserve their heritage over time. That is why today we will talk about what celebrities and celebrities invest their money in.

Many of them invest in activities connected to their work. Others, on the contrary, invest their money in activities that are completely alien to them. Some do their job of researching where to invest. Others invest through advisors who are dedicated to celebrities and celebrities. Some will wonder, “Why do celebrities invest if they have so much money?”. In this article you will find the answers you are looking for.

Why invest and why do celebrities invest?

We all know that, however small inflation may be, money over time loses value. With inflation as small as 2%, money saved over 10 years loses 20% of its value. If we save for our retirement, with an inflation of 2% the money kept for 30 years loses almost 50% of its value.

For athletes, musicians, and actors whose careers can be spectacular but fleeting, preserving the value of money is essential. That is why the money they earn quickly if they do not invest it will end up disappearing a few years.

We have already talked about this topic in our article “Finance for athletes“. There we mention how short your professional career can be.

As we said, the career of a celebrity can be very short. If we add to this the immaturity of youth, we have the conditions for a financial collapse. For example, statistics show that more than half of athletes spend their savings in less than 5 years. With this, their financial stability disappears, no matter what their income.

The same usually applies to musicians, actors among other celebrities. That is why today we will see the keys to avoid the financial debacle and we will reveal the following question: what do celebrities invest in?

What do celebrities invest in?

Celebrities can invest in businesses, the stock market, or any other asset. They invest in numerous instruments. One of the keys is to diversify your investment portfolio. Next, we will tell you what some celebrities invest in:

1. Sylvester Stallone: The famous Hollywood actor has been characterized by his propensity to invest. His first known investment was “Planet Hollywood”, a themed restaurant he founded in partnership with Bruce Willis, Demi Moore and Arnold Schwarzenegger. This has become a famous chain of restaurants around the world. It has also invested in real estate. He has also invested in a football team, other restaurants, a liquor brand and even clothing and perfumes. Stallone is a well-diversified investor.
2. Ashton Kutcher: Thanks to his portrayal of Steve Jobs, he discovered his passion for business. To date, it has investments in shares in more than 50 companies. In addition, he founded a venture capital firm called A-Grade Investments, focused on application and e-commerce companies.
3. Beyoncé: The famous singer began her career as an investor when she asked as payment for a concert in Las Vegas were paid in shares of Uber. This happened even before it was listed on the stock exchange. Thanks to this, his 6 million dollars of fees became 300 million.
4. Jared Leto: Invest in tech startups when they’re just starting out. Some of the companies in which he invested were Snapchat, Spotify, Uber and Airbnb. Undoubtedly excellent investments considering what happened.
5. Jessica Alva: Your company “The Honest Company” sells beauty products for the skin, vitamins, cleaning products among others. It currently had revenues of more than $100 million and profits of more than $30 million. A true entrepreneur.

Famous investors

Some people were not famous before investing, and it is precisely because of their enormous success in investing that they have made fame.

Some are entrepreneurs who have a vision of growth, investments, and acquisitions. Next, we will know a little more about them:

Peter Lynch: This famous Wall Street investor has a net worth of $352 million. However, what made him extremely famous was his streak between the years 1977 and 1990. In those years he was a manager of Fidelity Investment, and his profitability was almost 30%, double the Standard & Poor’s 500 index. He wrote a book that all those interested in financial markets should read called “A Step Ahead of Wall Street.”

David Tepper: This Star of the investment funds accumulates to his credit a return of 25%, thanks to it he is one of the most famous on Wall Street. His specialty is debt markets. His net worth is 11 billion dollars

Bill Ackman: She’s the nemesis of investor Carl Icahn, which we’ll talk about later. The dispute between Ackerman and Icahn stems from an investment dispute where Ackerman bet against Herbalife and lost billions. This even led to a public discussion with insults on American television. The truth is that the disaster was so great that it attracted attention and has subsequently had great successes, even during the pandemic. His net worth is one thousand eight hundred million dollars.

Other famous, even more successful investors

Ray Dalio: His full name is Raymond Thomas Dalio. Dalio is the founder of the largest hedge fund management company, Bidgewater. Since 1975 it has been growing to manage the sum of 135 billion dollars. A billionaire and philanthropist, Ray Dalio is one of walt street’s most famous investors, and the world. It is estimated that the wealth of this Harvard graduate is more than 18 billion dollars.

Carl Icahn: He is a combative investor who likes to swim “against the current” when acquiring companies. Sell when the market buys and buy when the market sells. In this way, he says he takes advantage of the best time to compromise, avoiding following the herd. This American investor and entrepreneur has a net worth of 17 billion dollars. He already has more than 50 years in the stock markets business. He has a reputation for being a cruel businessman because of the way he makes forced takeovers of companies with problems fixing them.

Warren Buffet: He is the most famous investor today. We could say that he is a celebrity among investors. He ranks third among the wealthiest men on the planet. At the age of 32, Warren Buffet was already a millionaire. He is partially the owner of some of the most important companies on the planet such as Coca Cola Company, Kraft, Heinz or Glaxo. He likes to invest in consolidated companies with great competitive advantages whose shares are down due to a specific problem.

The keys of the most famous investor.

We already know that Warren Buffett is the most famous investor today. That is why we will give you some of his tips for those who want to start investing to achieve financial freedom are the following:

• Avoid unnecessary debt: Ask for the minimum money borrowed and always pay attention to interest rates. Whether in your personal life or for your business this will keep you out of trouble. Loans can be addictive
• Lead an austere life: Minimizing expenses generates opportunities for savings and investment. Don’t give so much importance to comforts or luxury.
• Don’t invest in what you don’t understand: Don’t invest if you can’t understand and explain where the profits come from. Knowing why you will produce profits is key to avoiding scams.
• Think long-term: When investing what counts is the long-term trend. You can’t be at the expense of the daily ups and downs of your investments.
• Pessimism is your friend, and euphoria your enemy: Caution will keep your money safe. Then it’s just a matter of investing insurance and time.
• You can’t do a good deal with a bad person: Choose people better than you. Ethics is fundamental to maintaining the win-win mentality.
• You should always be prepared for the worst: You should have a plan of action in case of a crisis. We can’t wait for the crisis to appear. You just must anticipate what to do if it happens and be prepared.
• No Safe Business: Today’s safe businesses may be your undoing tomorrow. You must be attentive to the changing signs of the environment.
• Reinvest profits: Only in this way capital will grow. This is the difference between real investors and those who want quick profits.

7 Keys to Avoid Personal Financial Ruin – Cebrities Invest

Whether you are a famous person or an ordinary person, there are keys that apply to all of us. Some may have more slack to achieve their financial goals, but there are secrets we all need to share. If you follow these tips, you will have money to invest and perhaps you can share shares in which celebrities invest. So here are the 10 keys to avoid a financial catastrophe:

1. Always try to save:

Unless you’re in a situation where you can’t afford your food or your roof, you can always save. Sometimes saving means buying a cheaper brand that doesn’t sacrifice quality. Sometimes it means buying in times of savings like Black Friday or Cibermonday.

2. Your income must be greater than your expenses:

You must ensure that your economic income is greater than your expenses. To do this, you can choose to increase your income or reduce your expenses.

3. Separate your regular budget from your tastes and entertainment:

If you enjoy cinema, you should know that it is not something indispensable. You need to distract yourself, but there are many ways to do it. Separate your needs from your tastes. In this way you will become aware when an expense is indispensable and when it is not.

4. If you’re going to buy something, don’t buy it the first time you see it:

This is a key to avoiding impulse purchases. On many occasions we decide to buy something we like, and with the passing of the days we regret it. Either because it was something we didn’t need or because we know we’re not going to use it. Therefore, I invite you to postpone as many non-essential purchases as possible. With this they can have time to consider their cold purchase and give their money a second chance.

5. Reduce ant expenses:

Those small expenses that we make with such a high frequency that it ends up weighing on our budget. Here we can include coffee and street food, sweets, liquor and cigarettes. These are usually our ant expenses. We see that they are small, but by accumulation they end up being larger than expected in our budget.

6. Make a monthly budget:

On many occasions we do not make a budget of expenses. This means that we have no control of our expenses on a day-to-day basis. If we do not know how much we spend we do not know where we can decrease our expenses or if we should increase our income.

7. Set money away from savings from the beginning:

There are people who leave for after all expenses the savings. The recommendation is that they set aside the savings planned at the beginning and leave the money from all expenses in your account. This ensures that they save. If they have money left after the expenses, they can incorporate it into savings. If they have no money left and have to appeal to savings, then they will have to check what happened… But thanks to setting aside the savings, the money is there to fix.

Follow the advice of Gustavo Mirabal and you will achieve financial success soon, if you are constant. We wish you success and then you can tell us how you did.

The global financial situation in 2022, after the coronavirus, is in a delicate balance. After a brutal drop in productivity in different countries, recovery is what everyone is talking about. After a brutal fall in productivity in different countries, the recovery is what everyone is talking about. That is why the financial situation of the United States and Latin America in 2022 are the first cause for concern today.

The first concern at the onset of the coronavirus was the immense number of deaths and the collapse of health services. In the achievement of the death toll and recovery of health services, other concerns began.

First, the quarantines began to affect companies and the labor market. Countries began to give special subsidies to keep the economy moving. They needed mechanisms for people to survive and respect the quarantine.

The global logistical problems generated by the pandemic have hindered trade. Since the closure of ports, airports, and restrictions on freight traffic. On television we have seen situations of shortage in the US shelves United States and United Kingdom. The lack of products in the shelves results from a mixture of more circulating money and a decrease in inventories.

Additionally, we add the massive absences that result from coronavirus infections.

To all the problems mentioned, we have the massive resignations of workers who did not want to expose themselves to contagion.

In this scenario, the United States and Latin America are in a worrying situation. Will the economies of the Americas be recovered in 2022? To learn the answer, we will analyze the situation of the world’s first economy and Latin American countries.

So today we will talk about the global situation of the economy in 2022 after the coronavirus and the prospects for recovery.

Does vaccination warrant the financial recovery?

Vaccination came to mitigate some of the most pernicious effects of the coronavirus, such as deaths and prolonged stays in intensive therapy units. Vaccination was the hope. But vaccination has not been sufficient because of the resistance to vaccination and the mutations of the virus.

Quarantines have remained as an effective tool for lowering contagion numbers. And although occupational absences are less severe, these have been prolonged. Long-term COVID is making havoc on business productivity.

In addition, quarantines not only affect classroom work but rather the displacement of goods. With chains of supply increasingly centralized in countries with cheap labor, the coronavirus came to show that it is not always the best strategy. The world is connected but a problem in the logistics chain affects the global supply and thus the prices of the products.

Many citizens remain outside the labor market. This causes labor to scarce and trigger labor costs. The shortage of labor coupled with lack of productivity is causing an increase in inflation. The latter is a bad symptom that is alert to many countries. In addition, inorganic money injected in the form of subsidies begins to overheat economies.

That is why the recovery of the world economy has not been as fast as it was expected. However, 2022 is expected to be the beginning of the recovery of the world economy. The United States is facing this recovery.

Then we will see what the positive indicators of recovery are in the U.S. and what are the greatest risks. Without more to add, let’s start.

What is the financial situation of the United States in 2022 after the coronavirus?

Inflation in America is the highest in 40 years. An inflation of 7% was recorded in 2021, a problem for the US financial situation in 2022

For those living in Latin American countries, 7% inflation may not seem to be worrying. However, for a country accustomed to inflation from 2% to 3% this can destabilize the economy. Remember that the dollar:

• It is the legal currency in many countries such as Ecuador.
• Also, its use is predominantly many other countries like Venezuela and Argentina.
• Represents 60% of the international reserves of the countries.
• 40% of countries’ international debt is issued in dollars.
• Most transactions between countries are made in dollars.

With this financial situation in 2022, we can see how the dollar’s weakness can also pose an important risk to the world economy. However, there are several indicators that show a positive outlook regarding the US economy and its financial situation in 2022. Next, we will talk about the indicators that predict the early recovery of the US and world economy. No doubt the global and U.S. financial situation will improve in 2022.

Indicators that show that the United States is recovering.

There are several indicators of the American economy that allow us to anticipate total recovery in 2022. These indicators are:

• Economic Growth: The GDP of the United States is currently greater than the pre-pandemic GDP of Covid-19. This is attributed to the economic stimulus policies implemented by the Government of Joe Biden. These aids materialized as food stamps and unemployment checks and stimulus to SMEs and individuals.
• Increased workers’ salaries: The average salary for US workers increased, improving their life prospects and driving the next two points.
• Savings level increase: Thanks to the average salary increase.
• Increased consumption: Economic growth and wage growth boosted consumption.
• Increased employment: In 2021, employment increased almost to pre-pandemic levels. It is expected that in 2022 it will recover completely.
• Decrease in the poverty rate: With the pandemic, poverty has increased. But since 2021, the figures have been improved. In 2022, poverty figures are expected to return to pre-pandemic levels.

The above indicators allow us to be optimistic. The United States will recover in 2022. But what about Latin America? Then we’ll find out.

What is the financial situation of Latin America in 2022 after the coronavirus?

The financial situation in Latin America in 2022 is quite different from that of the United States. Before the pandemic, the Latin American economies were stable but with limitations. The pandemic forced countries to borrow and create stimulus programs.

Now these countries face more poverty, indebted countries, and inflation with the rendered inorganic money. All countries have undergone post-Coronavirus inflation. But in Latin America this has been a pretty frequent problem.

In addition, they face slow growth worldwide. This will limit the sale and prices of commodities, the main source of income for Latin American countries. The burden of debt will also be a major burden for Latin America.

Gustavo Mirabal Castro is betting that Latin America’s financial situation will benefit from the recovery of the United States and the other major economies in 2022.

Latin America will have to wait for the US, China, and Europe to recover to begin receiving the benefits of greater commodity consumption. In the least 2022 does not look good for Latin America. But we can bet that 2023 will be the year of recovery for these countries.

Carnival is a holiday that is celebrated in many countries of the world. This celebration takes place before Christian Lent. It is a way of celebrating before entering the phase of recollection and spirituality associated with Lent. Despite this, the church does not recognize carnival as a religious celebration.

The celebration of carnival in the world is mostly associated with Catholic countries. For the latter, by the dates that are associated with Lent it is recognized that there is a link with religious fervor.

Carnival in Venezuela has a very important connotation both religiously and popularly.

What are carnivals?

They are the celebrations that take place before the beginning of Lent and seek to be an escape valve to society. It is characterized by dances, costumes, floats and parades.

The date of carnivals usually varies between the end of February and the beginning of March. This year 2022 the dates of carnivals are February 28 and March 1, 2022.

It is characterized by being a date of moral relaxation and euphoria. This contrasts with the restrictions and modesty of the Christian religion. That is why it is said to be a way of dispersing energy before the recollection period of the preparation for Easter. This 40-day preparation is conducive to celebrating the resurrection of Jesus during Holy Week. Both Lent and Holy Week are recognized by the church.

The carnival to Lent and Holy Week comes to be the equivalent of an exaggerated banquet that a person eats before starting a diet. Carnival is the escape before restriction.

The ancient origin of carnival

Many researchers and historians consider Carnival to be the Christian church’s way of absorbing pagan festivals in honor of Bacchus. In ancient times the so-called Bacchanals were celebrated. The bacchanals were the feasts to honor Bacchus, the god of wine in Roman mythology. Bacchus is the Roman version of Dionysus, the god of wine in Greek mythology.

All pagan festivals have their origin in the need for a day of “relief” before the strict rules of society. These even had different names according to the time and civilization in which they are presented: Rome at different times, Egypt, Sumer, among others.

Carnival means “to abandon the flesh” in Latin and demonstrates the way it connects with Christian Lent. It is a form of relief before the beginning of Lent. It is part of the tradition of the people before immersing itself in the relevant religious reflection.

Carnival is the opportunity to rest and release energy before entering a very deep spiritual process.

The modern celebration of carnival

Modern carnival is a celebration full of fun and relaxation. The relaxation of common morality is evident in many of the carnival traditions. In carnivals many times the costumes have erotic touches or allow what is not allowed at any other time of the year.

Many men dress up as women, women go topless to the street, or some women show their breasts in exchange for necklaces. These manifestations of joy and subversion of moral boundaries are generally not allowed during the year and are normal during carnival.

Even today the word carnival is used to designate festivities that are not located in the period before Lent.

That is why today we will discover the way in which carnival is celebrated in different parts of the world. We will start with the largest carnival celebration in the world, the Rio de Janeiro Carnival.

Rio de Janeiro, the most famous in the world

This carnival is the most famous in the world. It has become a global icon of carnival and tourism for Brazil. Crowds gather in the streets of Rio de Janeiro to see the floats at the Sambadrome. From all over the world they come to Brazil to witness this massive event.

This event is organized by the Association of Samba City Schools of Rio de Janeiro. This entity works all year round to be able to carry out this event.

Each of the schools is an organization that is responsible for organizing each of the group. The financing of the parades comes from several sources:

• Financial aid from the mayor’s office of Rio de Janeiro.
• Resources from television broadcasting rights.
• Income from the sale of Tickets of the Sambadrome.
• Income from public and private sponsors.

In this way the schools get the money to make the lavish costumes and floats to delight visitors. In addition, many of these schools maintain social organizations within their communities.

This event takes place in the so-called Sambadrome, a building built in 1984 when the popularity of the event made the investment necessary. Its full name is Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí.

Each school has 85 minutes inside the Sambadrome to present its lavish parade. These schools compete for the title of carnival champion. This gives them prestige and makes it easier for them to capture resources for sponsorships.

Entrance to the Sambadrome is expensive and perhaps inaccessible to low-income visitors. But the carnival of Rio leaves no one out. On the days of rehearsals before the carnival people can enter for free and enjoy the show.

Carnival is a spectacle for everyone.

Carnival is an opportunity for joy and leaving social conventions behind for a few days. We can see different expressions of carnival, but its meaning everywhere is the same. Take a break from rigorous social and religious rules to live life. It is an opportunity for escape before entering a process of deep reflection.

Gustavo Mirabal has been able to enjoy the carnival shows in Venezuela, Brazil, Spain and the United States. In all of them he has been able to see the joy of people and get out of social conventions without breaking social coexistence.

This year enjoy the carnival and unleash your fun with your friends or family. Take advantage of the banquet before the diet. Enjoy today and reflect later so you can do your bit to make this world a better world.

It seems redundant to talk about types of obstacles in equestrian show jumping. This pun we use to reaffirm that there are many obstacles in show jumping. Not all types of obstacles are physical as we will see later. And it is that the horse and the rider can also be types of obstacles to defeat. That is why today we will know the types of obstacles that we find in equestrian obstacle jumping.

Equestrian show jumping is one of the most beautiful equestrian disciplines. The grace and synchronization of the horse and rider to overcome all types of obstacles that arise. Obtaining this result is only possible with a strong preparation for both the rider and the horse. That is why we say that the obstacles that the rider will have to overcome are not only physical, but also psychological.

Today we will delve into the types of physical obstacles that are on the circuit. But at the same time we will talk about other elements such as the type of terrain, the psychology of the horse, of the rider. We will give as an example the case of Annika Shleu, a pentathlon athlete whose discipline of equestrian show jumping ruined all her effort.

We will be able to see that, in the equestrian show jumping, not all the obstacles are on the circuit, some are inside us. Without further ado, let’s get started.

Types of obstacles for training in equestrian jumping

For training there are all kinds of artifacts for the jumping of obstacles that perform the work of guides for the training. This allows us to help our horse to have elements similar to those that a circuit will find without being so expensive. Some of the elements that we can find here are:

• Cones: Helps horses to orient their trot and train their discipline. This is because they are not insurmountable obstacles, and only through the obedience of the horse can he be guided through them.
• Cube-shaped obstacles: These are light, so they can not jeopardize the stability of the horse and are easily knocked down. With these we simply demarcate spaces and height.
• Ladder: this facilitates getting on the horse and is used a lot for children and adults in training.
• Plastic jump bars and blocks: They fulfill the same purpose as regular obstacles, but because they are made of plastic, they are light and do not put the stability of the horse at risk.

These elements for training are perfect to adapt the horse to the jumps without the risk of injury. In addition, they seek to train docility and safety in the face of horse obstacles, something that we will discover very useful later.

Types of obstacles in the equestrian jumping circuit

The official equestrian jumping circuits are composed of 8 types of standard obstacles. This allows all coaches to know in advance what kind of challenges they can face. Below, we present the types of obstacles in equestrian show jumping.

• Cross rail: It is one of the most typical obstacles and consists of two cross bars
• Vertical: It is an obstacle that contains bars arranged in a cross or one on top of another, without forcing the depth of the jump.
• Oxer: Two verticals are joined, arranged consecutively, to force a deeper jump by the horse and the rider
• Triple Bar: It is a set of three vertical bars with a progressive increase in height which forms an obstacle of height and length.
• Wall: It is a vertical obstacle that prevents the visibility of what is after the obstacle.
• Water: Small pools at ground level that only have a small thicket that helps the horse determine the distance. They are obstacles of distance, rather than height.
• Liverpool: It is a combination of a vertical obstacle next to a Ria. This makes the obstacle a challenge of height and length.
• Combinations: They are groups of obstacles composed of two or more obstacles whose separation cannot be less than 7mts and cannot be greater than 12mts.

The terrain in the equestrian jumping circuits

The obstacles as a whole and arranged harmoniously are what make up an equestrian jumping circuit. However, the terrain also plays a very important role. The terrain can be clay or grass which makes a difference in the jump.

Clay soils are harder and help momentum. Meanwhile the grassy terrains cushion the jumps, but at the same time reduce the momentum. Additionally, sometimes there are shrubs and flowers that help to beautify the circuit or delimit the route.

This is a discipline that requires a lot of preparation and strength as we will see below.

The psychology of the horse, an obstacle to consider.

The horse is a key element of equestrian jumping. He is the first of the rider-horse pair to face obstacles. If both are prepared, they will be able to overcome any obstacle. However, the horse may not exhibit the desired behavior if:

1- It has not been properly prepared

2- Feel the insecurity of the rider

3- Receive the wrong signals

This can lead to a series of unwanted behavior during the equestrian obstacle course. The horse’s unwanted behaviors on the circuit have been classified as follows:

• Reuse: The reuse is the action that the horse performs when in front of an obstacle it stops and refuses to jump.
• Escape: It is called escape to the action of the horse when it decides to run in a direction, avoiding, surrounding, or moving away from the obstacle.

These behaviors may be associated with problems with the horse’s temperament or training. But we cannot rule out in these cases that they may be because of the rider as we will see below.

The psychology of the rider, the most important obstacle

A perfectly well-trained horse can have problems on an equestrian circuit if horse and rider are not synchronized. That is why the connection between the two and the exhaustive preparation of the rider is important.

An insecure or nervous rider will transmit these emotions to the horse, either by his attitude or body rigidity. This lack of security is transmitted to the horse which will reuse making the jumps because “he is not sure he can perform them”.

Therefore, the rider must be psychologically and mentally prepared for the pressure of competitions. But you also must consider that horse and rider must be synchronized. So, an equestrian jumping competition should not be held with riders and horses that are strangers to each other.

This is what happened in the last Olympic equestrian jumping competition. Below, we’ll tell you more.

Annika Schleu and the pressure of the Olympic pentathlon

Equestrian jumping in general occurs between riders and horses that are known. This allows them to penetrate each other. However, in the Olympic pentathlon event, the participant not only participates in equestrian jumping but also in fencing, swimming, cross-country running, and sport shooting.

This puts a lot of pressure on athletes. But the most important thing is that the pentathletes do not know the horses with which they will run the test. A mistake that is also reinforced by the Olympic commission by imposing that the selected horse must be used without changing it.

This happened to Annika Schleu in her participation in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. The horse reused to perform the jumps and the athlete broke. To complicate matters, trainer Kim Raisner gave the horse a slight blow to make it react, but nothing worked.

The Olympic committee accused Schleu and Raiser of mistreating animals to divert attention from their own omissions. The equestrian jump requires synchronization and if a horse does not want to jump it should not be forced… Thinking about it, they should give the pentathletes a chance to change their horses.

Multiple obstacles in equestrian show jumping

The equestrian Obstacle Jump is a test that has not only concrete aspects. This discipline requires a rapport between rider and horse that is not achieved overnight.

That is why Gustavo Mirabal Castro invites you to learn a little more about this discipline. Gustavo Mirabal wants to raise awareness about the importance of good treatment of animals. We must ensure that sporting events do not abuse the fragile psychology of athletes and animals. If we do, we will achieve a better world.